雅思写作考试中,很多考生常常有一个困扰:明明思路都有了,却无法按时完成,60分钟的写作中大约一半都用在了写雅思小作文。而原因之一就是花费了大量时间来思考词汇和句型的变化。
其实小作的写作思路相对比较固定,所以,掌握了基本思路之后,如果能熟练运用各种句型表达,就能在考场上游刃有余,不至于花费过多时间纠结语言表达。
此处总结常用的百分比和趋势变化表达:(以Cam8Test2Task1图中数据为例)
表达百分比:
(以1981年teachers’ salaries的数据为例)
1. The proportion of X is X%. …的比例是X%。
The proportion of total school spending on teachers' salaries was 40% in 1981.
注意the proportion of X中,sth常常带有限定修饰词
2. X make up X% of...某物占据…中的X%
Teachers' salaries made up 40% of the total school spending in 1981.
类似表达“占据”的动词或动词短语还有take up/account for/occupy/represent
3. X% of ... was taken up by X. X%的…被某物所占据
40% of total school spending was taken up by teachers' salaries.
上一个句型的被动语态结构
4. X% of ... do sth.
40% of total school spending went on teachers' salaries.
go on:(钱或时间)被用于…方面,不用被动语态,相当于be spent on
表达数据趋势
(以other workers'salaries的数据举例)
1. S(主语)+V(谓语) (+adv.)
The proportion of total school spending on other workers' salaries decreased gradually from 28% in 1981 to 15% in 2001.
S - 数据的陈述词,比如The percentage/number/production of...等
V. - 表达数据的动词或短语,多为不及物动词,比如increase/decrease等
Adv. - 副词修饰谓语动词,用于描述变化的幅度,比如gradually
2. There be (Adj.) N. in S
There was a (gradual) decrease in the proportion of spending on other workers' salaries, from 28% in 1981 to 15% in 2001.
S - 主语为数据的陈述词,比如The percentage/number/production of...等
N. - 描述趋势变化的名词形式,比如an increase/a decrease等
Adj. - 形容词修饰名词,用于描述趋势变化的幅度,比如gradual
3. S + see/witness/experience + (Adj.) N.
The proportion of total school spending on other workers' salaries saw a gradual decrease from 28% in 1981 to 15% in 2001.
4. 时间段名词+see/witness/experience (Adj.) N.
The period between 1981 and 2001 saw a gradual decrease in the proportion of total school spending on other workers' salaries, from 28% to 15%.
注意此句型主语是表达时间段的名词或名词短语,比如the two decades,the period between...and...
总结4个描述趋势变化的基本句型,无非就是主语和词性的变化,尤其是描述变化的单词,个句型用的是动词,而其他三个句型用的是名词形式。因此,掌握了以上四个句型以后,实际写作中只需要选择相应词义和词性的词汇带入到四个句型中即可,描述趋势变化的词汇归纳如下:
建议同学们可以将这个图表真题作为练习,尽量运用以上归纳的句型,以达到熟练。
祝各位烤鸭尽快拿到理想分数呀!
作者简介:新航道广州学校杨荔园老师 雅思写作主讲 雅思语法主讲
杨荔园(Carol),英语学士学位。获英语专业八级和中学教师资格证,两年以上雅思教学经验。工作敬业负责,注重培养学生的学习成就感,用耐心和细心陪伴学生进步。