托福考试：托福听力中对于例子的考察　

托福听力中对于例子的考察，在托福听力当中例子是高频考点，托福考试通常会考察举例子的作用或者是例子的细节，较多的情况考察例子的作用，较少考察例子的内容。有些情况下会给出一些信号词，需要同学能够识别出来，及时去回想在提到例子之前，说了什么，有些情况没有给出信号词，但是分析出例子和前面内容的内在联系，就可以选出正确的选项。

举例子前给出信号词当同学听到信号词的时候，需要非常注意，要能够掌握举例子为了说明什么，以及例子的内容。常见的举例子的信号词有forexample,forinstance,suchas,like。

例子如下：e.g.Whatdoesthewomanimplyaboutincidentthatoccurredinhersociologyclass?（TPO5Conversation1）A.ShewasembarrassedbecauseshegaveanincorrectanswerB.ShewasupsetbecausetheprofessorseemedtoignoreherC.Shewasconfusedbytheorganizationoftheprofessor’slectureD.ShewassurprisedbythecommentsoftheotherstudentsStudent：No,infactIgotanAonmyfirsteconomicspaper.It’sjustthat,it’ssoimpersonal,I’mnotusedtoit.Counselor：Areallyourclassesimpersonal?Student：No,it’sjustthat…forexample,insociologyyesterday,theprofessoraskedaquestion,soIraisedmyhand,severalofusraisedourhands.AndIkeptmyhandupbecauseIdidthereadingandknewtheanswer.Buttheprofessorjustansweredhisownquestionandcontinuedwiththelecture.在这一题中，学生认为课堂是没有人情味的，所以举了上社会学课的一件事情来说明，老师提了一个问题，学生和别的几个同学就举了手，但是老师并没有让她们回答问题。在这里有明显的举例信号词“forexample”，识别例子较为容易。答案：Be.g.Whatmistakesdoestheprofessorimplythewomanhasmadewhileworkingonaproject?（TPO4Conversation2）Clickon2answersA.Findingsourcesforhergrouppartners.B.Writingtheweeklyprogressreportsforhergroup.C.Forgettingtopayattentiontotheproject’sdeadlines.D.Failingtoinvolvethegroupmembersintheselectionofatopic.Student：Yes,butIfeellikeI’mdoing90%ofthework.Ihatetosoundsonegativehere,buthonestly,theyaretakingcreditforthingstheyshouldn’ttakecreditfor.Likelastweekinthelibrary,wedecidedtosplituptheresearchinto3partsandtheneachofuswassupposedtofindsourcesinthelibraryforourparts.Iwentofftothestackandfoundsomereallygoodmaterialformypart,butwhenIgotbacktoourtable,theywerejustgoofingoffandtalking.SoIwentandgotmaterialsfortheirsectionsaswell.Professor：Um…youknowyoushouldn’tdothat.这一题考查了对于例子内容的理解。学生为了说明小组成员什么事也不做，说到了一件事情，就是在图书馆找资料，小组成员闲聊不去找资料，然后她就帮小组成员找好资料的事情。

在这里信号词是like。答案：ADe.g.Whatthepointdoestheprofessormakewhenhereferstotheuniversitylibrary?(TPO2-Lecture1)A.Astudyonproblemsolvingtookplacethere.B.StudentsshouldgotheretoreadmoreaboutbehaviorismC.Students’eyeswillturntowarditiftheythinkaboutit.D.HelearnedaboutWilliamJames’sconceptofthinkingthere.Ideomotoractionisanactivitythatoccurswithoutournoticingit,withoutourbeingawareofit.I'llgiveyouonesimpleexample.Ifyouthinkoflocations,theretendstobeeyemovementthatoccurswithyourthinkingaboutthatlocation.Inparticular,fromwherewe'resitting,imaginethatyou'reaskedtothinkofouruniversitylibrary.Well,ifyoucloseyoureyesandthinkofthelibrary,andifyou'resittingdirectlyfacingme,thenaccordingtothisnotion,youreyeballswillmoveslightlytotheleft,toyourleft,'causethelibrary'sinthatgeneraldirection.这一题也是考察例子。

提到大学图书馆是想说明，“Ifyouthinkoflocations,theretendstobeeyemovementthatoccurswithyourthinkingaboutthatlocation.”当你想某个地方时，你的眼球会随着你的思绪进行运动。在这里信号词是“onesimpleexample”。答案：C举例子前没有给出信号词这一类题相对有信号词的题目来说，相对难一些。但是只要分析出例子和前面内容的内在联系和逻辑，就能够做出来。例子如下：e.g.Whydoestheprofessormentionamountainroad?（TPO33Lecture1）A.ToillustrateanalternativetoasteeprampB.ToemphasizetheeffortneededtomovelargestoneblocksC.ToimplythatprogressesontheGreatPyramidwasslowD.TodescribetheshapeoftheroadleadingtotheGizaPlateauWell,ifyou'veeverdrivenonamountainroad,you'dknowthatithasalotoftwistsandturnsandbendsinitbecausethat'showengineerskeeptheroadfromhavingtobetoosteep.SowhynotwraptheramparoundthePyramid?这篇lecture讨论的是金字塔是如何建成的，然而为什么会说到在山路呢？同学需要能够分析出工程师为了使道路不那么陡峭，所以设计了很多迂回曲折的弯路，那么同样用来建造金字塔的坡道也可以。答案：Ae.g.InhisdiscussionofO’Keeffe’sstyle,whydoestheprofessordescribeLargeDarkRedLeavesonWhite?（TPO48Lecture1）A.TogiveanexampleofapaintingthatwascopiedfromaphotographB.TogiveanexampleofanabstractinterpretationofrealobjectsC.TopointoutthatsomeofO’Keeffe’ssubjectswererepresentedintheirnaturalsettingD.TopointoutthesimilaritiesbetweenO’Keeffe’sworksandworksofotherartistsO’Keeffelikedtocreateabstractinterpretationsofrealobjects.InthepaintingJennifermentioned,LargeDarkRedLeavesonWhite,inadditiontoexaggeratingthesizeoftheleaf,O’Keeffejuxtaposesitagainstasilverorwhitishbackground,sothat’smoreofanabstractsettingforit,andsoon.首先说到O’Keeffe喜欢创作出对真实物体的抽象诠释，然后说到了她的作品LargeDarkRedLeavesonWhite，通过对于这幅作品的描述，就能分析出这是她对真实物体抽象诠释的例子。答案：Be.g.WhatpointdoestheprofessoremphasizebyhisdiscussionofthelithographThePotatoEaters?（TPO46Lecture2）A.Profilesaremoredifficulttocreatethanhead-onportraits.B.Someartistsconsiderthedirectionoftheprofileakeyelementinaportrait.C.Mostgroupportraitsincludebothleftandrightprofiles.D.Thedirectionofaprofileisusuallydeterminedbythecharacteristicsofthesubject.Wedoknowthatformanyartists,thechoiceofleftside,rightsidewasveryimportant.ThereisanimagebytheDutchpainterVincentVanGoghcalledthePotatoEatersthatshowstheprofilesofagroupoffarmers.It’salithograph,whichisaprintmadefromimagesdrawnonastone.Whenyouprintsomethingthatway,whatyougetisamirrorimageoftheoriginalpicture.Theexactsameimage,exceptthatleftandrightarereversed,andVanGoghwassodissatisfiedwiththeprintthathewrotetohisbrother,“thefigures,I’msorrytosay,arenowturnedthewrongway.”.首先说到了对于很多艺术家来说左右脸的选择是很重要的。然后说到了PotatoEaters的印板画中，农民的左右脸弄反了，梵高很不高兴，所以可以证实对于艺术家来说，左右脸的选择是重要的。答案：B综上所述,举例子是托福听力高频的考点，有时候会给出信号词，也有很多时候不会给出信号词，但是只要能够准确地识别例子，对做题会很有帮助。

此外，有时同学可能会漏听例子前面的内容，这个时候也不要放弃，将例子完整地听下来，还有很大的可能可以推理出来，所以例子的细节也是很有用的。托福听力还有哪些技巧？快来新航道广州学校托福考试频道看看吧~

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