托福听力考点的特殊之处

托福听力考点的特殊之处，托福考试难，听力更是四门课里最难、考试比重也的一个部分。其中一个难的原因出在考试形式设置上，即先听后看题，5-6分钟一段lecture，professor一口气说完，然后扔出来6个问题让考生选择，听的时候可以记笔记但是看不到题目，所以你记的内容是否是接下来6个问题的考点就是听力这部分的bug，当然出题点是有规律的，下面新航道小编介绍的这个考点是我认为所有规律当中最重要的一个----特殊之处。

什么是特殊之处考点？

也许是因为美国崇尚个人主义的原因，也许是因为美国人崇尚个性化的原因，特殊之处这个考点设置主要就是指某个人或者某个事物（他/她/它）身上具备的某种独有属性，而这个属性是同类不具备的。

托福听力当中会涉及到许多的学科分类，然而特殊之处这个考点，不局限于某一个学科当中，下面举两个例子说明一下。

例1-TPO19-L3

Ok, today we are going to continue our discussion of plant life in coastal salt marshes of North America. Salt marshes are among the least inviting environments for plants. The water is salty, there is little shade and the ocean tide comes in and out, constantly flooding the marsh, so the variety of plants found in salt marshes is limited,but there is a plant genus that thrives there, the Spartina. In fact, the Spartina genus is the dominant plant found in salt marshes. You can find one type of the Spartina, Saltmarsh Cordgrass, growing in low marsh areas. In higher marsh areas, you are likely to find a Spartina commonly called Salt-meadow Hay. So how is the Spartina able to survive in an environment that would kill most plants? well, it is because salt marsh grasses have found ways to adapt to the conditions there.

First of all, they are able to withstand highly saline conditions. One really interesting adaptation is the ability to reverse the process of osmosis… …

这篇当中讲到了一种叫做Spartina的植物与其他植物的一个不同之处就是能够适应并生存在salty marsh的环境当中，而其他植物很少能适应这样的环境，下面就开始讲到Spartina一个个的特殊之处了。这也是考点出现的地方，而红色粗体字是出现独有信息时候的提示。

例2-TPO25-L2

So during Bartók's youth, the music played in the concert halls of Austria-Hungary wasdominated by Romantic pieces by mostly German composers. We discussed the Romantic style last week. These pieces were long and lyrical. They were meant to have a sort of grandeur about them. And in the early 1900s, composers who worked in the Romantic style were the most popular in Austria-Hungary. But Bartok, he was part of the musical community that was trying to change this. And it led him to ... well, the first thing it did was lead him to travel（原文口语中有语法错误）. He looked at the countryside for the music of the farmers and the people who lived in small towns, and their music, well, you could say he discovered the music that was popular in those areas.

（Béla Bartók）

这篇讲到音乐家Béla Bartók，professor先是提到当时主流的音乐家都演奏Romantic style的音乐，然后话锋一转说到今天的主角，Bartok，想要改变这一切，下面省略的原文，下面主要就会讲到Bartok他具体的，独树一帜音乐风格，以及他是如何创作的过程。

简单的通过两个lecture的例子来说明了一下特殊之处考点如何呈现出来的，而且上文提到过这个规律没有只存在某一个或一类学科当中，而是存在于许多学科当中，刚刚两个例子就是存在于植物学和音乐历史当中。

与其说特殊之处是托福听力当中的考点出现规律，不如说它是整个人类信息传递中的亮点与痛点。备考托福需要我们对知识仰望星空，也需要我们脚踏实地联系实际。ETS考核的不是一个死板的考试内容本身，而是希望考生通过考试能够掌握在实际校园场景中运用语言的能力。

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