托福阅读：要不要读完整段之后再做题？

托福阅读实战中，可能存在着以下两种做题方法：

1. 不读整段，用定位法做题

2. 先整段读完，再做这段对应的题

之前小编有文章讨论过要不要用定位法做题（定位阅读做题好，还是顺序阅读做题好？），所以今天这篇文章小编来讨论一下第二种方法----要不要读完整段之后再做题。

先看一下例题：

The Geographical Distribution of Gliding Animals

Paragraph 1

Southeast Asia has a unique abundance and diversity of gliding animals, flying squirrels, flying frogs, and flying lizards with wings of skin that enable them to glide through the tropical forest. What could be the explanation for the great diversity in this region and the scarcity of such animals in other tropical forests. Gliding has generally been viewed as either a means of escaping predators, by allowing animals to move between trees without descending to the ground, or as an energetically efficient way of traveling long distances between scattered resources. But what is special about Southeast Asian rain forests?

Paragraph 3

A second theory, which we might call the broken-forest hypothesis, speculates that the top layer of the forest—the tree canopy has fewer woody vines connecting tree crowns in Southeast Asian forests than in New World and African forests. As a result, animals must risk descending to the ground or glide to move between trees. In addition, the tree canopy is presumed to be more uneven in height in Asian forests, due to the presence of the tall dipterocarp trees with lower trees between them, again favoring gliding animals. Yet ecologists who work in different regions of the world observe tremendous local variation in tree height, canopy structure, and abundance of vines, depending on the site conditions of soil, climate, slope elevation, and local disturbance. One can find many locations in Southeast Asia where there are abundant woody vines and numerous connections between trees and similarly many Amazonian forests with few woody vines.

7. Paragraph 3 implies which of the following ideas about forests in which there are abundant woody vines connecting tree crowns

A. The tree canopy is more even than it is in other forests.

B. In such forests, animals can move between trees by traveling on vines.

C. Such forests generally contain a wider diversity of animals than other forests do.

D. There are likely to be fewer predators on the ground in such forests than in other forests.

这个第7题是第3段的道非词汇题，大家可以做一下。

（我给出第1段是给大家提供一个背景，更容易理解第3段在干嘛。）

第7题答案是B。

不知道你在做题的时候是不是先把第3段读完，然后才做的第7题。

首先，我要明确的是，我对这种做题方法的态度与对定位法做题的态度是一样的：不建议。

我先把我做这道题的思路讲一下：

首先，先读题：Paragraph 3 implies which of the following ideas about forests in which there are abundant woody vines connecting tree crowns？（第3段暗示了关于有大量连接树冠的树藤的森林的什么信息？）我先会预判第3段要说到“有大量连接树冠的树藤的森林”，这个信息会作为第3段的重心。

然后，我开始从段落第1句话开始读：

Paragraph 3

A second theory, which we might call the broken-forest hypothesis, speculates that the top layer of the forest—the tree canopy has fewer woody vines connecting tree crowns in Southeast Asian forests than in New World and African forests. As a result, animals must risk descending to the ground or glide to move between trees. In addition, the tree canopy is presumed to be more uneven in height in Asian forests, due to the presence of the tall dipterocarp trees with lower trees between them, again favoring gliding animals. Yet ecologists who work in different regions of the world observe tremendous local variation in tree height, canopy structure, and abundance of vines, depending on the site conditions of soil, climate, slope elevation, and local disturbance. One can find many locations in Southeast Asia where there are abundant woody vines and numerous connections between trees and similarly many Amazonian forests with few woody vines.

读第1句话：A second theory, which we might call the broken-forest hypothesis, speculates that the top layer of the forest—the tree canopy has fewer woody vines connecting tree crowns in Southeast Asian forests than in New World and African forests.（第二个理论，被称之为“broken-forest”假说，认为在东南亚的森林的顶层比美洲和非洲的森林的顶层有更少的连接树冠的树藤。）

从这句话我知道，这个“broken-forest”假说是用“有更少的连接树冠的树藤”来解释“东南亚的森林盛产滑翔动物”这一现象的。可是，题目问的是“有大量连接树冠的树藤的森林”的情况。所以，我已经感觉到这里存在一个对比关系了，知道“有少量的连接树冠的树藤”的森林的情况，其实就可以反推“有大量连接树冠的树藤的森林”的情况。

所以，接着往下读第2句话：As a result, animals must risk descending to the ground or glide to move between trees.（所以，动物必须冒险下到地面或者通过滑翔来在树和树之间移动。）

从这句话我知道，哦，原来因为树藤少，所以动物们必须要么下地面，要么在树间滑翔。而第1段的背景已经告诉我们下地面是有遇到捕猎者的危险的。所以，我们就明白了这个理论其实是说，因为树藤少，所以动物们就更多地选择滑翔，所以东南亚的森林里盛产滑翔动物。那么从这个信息我基本上已经知道在“有大量连接树冠的树藤的森林”的情况应该就是相反：动物们可以不滑翔。是不是已经有答案了呢？

不过，我这时并不敢确定我已经知道了准确答案，所以我会选择继续往下读，去看看是不是信息已经足够了。

读第3句话：In addition, the tree canopy is presumed to be more uneven in height in Asian forests, due to the presence of the tall dipterocarp trees with lower trees between them, again favoring gliding animals.（另外，在亚洲的森林里，森林顶层被认为会更不齐，因为高的dipterocarp树之间和较矮的一些树，这也有利于滑翔动物。）

从这句话我知道，哦，原来开始聊“森林的顶层齐不齐”的问题了，这跟“树藤多不多”不是一个事了。所以我决定不继续读了，而我也确定答案就在前两句。所以我也就确定我要找的答案就是“动物们可以不滑翔”。

接下来，读选项：

A. The tree canopy is more even than it is in other forests.

B. In such forests, animals can move between trees by traveling on vines.

C. Such forests generally contain a wider diversity of animals than other forests do.

D. There are likely to be fewer predators on the ground in such forests than in other forests.

读完选项之后，我很明显能看出来B是对的，而且知道B说的也把我心里想的但是又没法明确说出来的东西给说出来了：有树藤动物不就可以爬树藤了嘛，所以就可以不用滑翔了！逻辑就这么一下通透了！

你发现没，我并没有读完第3段整段文字，我只读了前3句话。

那么，如果是读完整段之后再做题呢，会面临什么困境呢？

其实最致命的是：你会纠结的！

A. The tree canopy is more even than it is in other forests.

B. In such forests, animals can move between trees by traveling on vines.

C. Such forests generally contain a wider diversity of animals than other forests do.

D. There are likely to be fewer predators on the ground in such forests than in other forests.

首先，A选项提到的“more even”的事情，你会纠结。因为段落确实有说“齐不齐”的事。而且这个“齐不齐”跟“树藤多不多”都同属于“broken-forest”假说，它俩是不是有点关系啊？你可能还真的会纠结的。

你会说，老师你刚才不是也读到第3句了吗？第3句不就是说到了“齐不齐”的事情了吗？那你凭什么就不纠结呢？

我告诉你，因为我从一开始我就没想过要把整段话读完，所以我读每句话都会基于题目进行思考，确定与我做题的信息是否相关，所以我读到第3句的时候，我会更细心地去理解与题目的关系，与上文的关系。

而如果我从一开始就是抱着要把整段先读完再说的心态，我不会那么认真地去辨别第3句话与题目的关系，我想的是反正我是读完整段话之后用整段的信息去得出结论的，我想的是我要读的就是一个整体意思。

就是这样的一个心态造成了在实际阅读中不太一样的具体句子的理解模式。

其次，这个段落后半段对这个“broken-forest”的假说提出了质疑，认为这个假说是有局限的。所以你看到B选项，你是会纠结的。

A. The tree canopy is more even than it is in other forests.

B. In such forests, animals can move between trees by traveling on vines.

C. Such forests generally contain a wider diversity of animals than other forests do.

D. There are likely to be fewer predators on the ground in such forests than in other forests.

你会纠结说，按“broken-forest”假说来推的话，确实B最有道理。但是，这个题说的是“Paragraph 3 implies...”，所以是不是应该从整段话的角度去思考，而段落后面对这个“broken-forest”假说提出了质疑了呀，所以这个B选项应该是第3段质疑的一个选项，所以真的不太敢选。

所以，最终，你会非常非常纠结，你会没有确信。

在这种纠结中，你越来越钻牛角尖，而且在实考的压力下，你会越来越不安，越来越急躁。

这可能就是你说的，“老师，我感觉今天状态不好。” 

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