托福阅读高频题型高效答题得分思路实例精讲：指代题

托福阅读不同题型在解题思路上是有很大区别的，而对于这些题型，考生不仅需要熟悉其出题特点，更需要掌握具有针对性的高效解题方法思路。下面小编就结合托福官方考题实例解析托福阅读难点易错题型指代题的解题思路。

托福阅读指代题解题基本思路实例介绍

一、 问题形式

被考的文章中有一个词或词组被加亮，这个词通常是一个代词或名词。指代题的形式如下：

The word (or phrase) X in the passage refers to

二、 解题步骤

1. 根据解题技巧确定答案;

2. 代入原文验证，看语义、逻辑和语法上是否通顺。

三、基本原则

1. 就近指代所谓就近指代，就是被指代对象通常在指代词前不远处，如本句或上一句中。有时也出现在更前面的一句中。例如：

Large wind farms might also interfere with the flight patterns of migratory birds in certain areas, and they have killed large birds of prey (especially hawks, falcons, and eagles) that prefer to hunt along the same ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines. The killing of birds of prey by wind turbines has pitted environmentalists who champion wildlife protection against environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy. Researchers are evaluating how serious this problem is and hope to find ways to eliminate or sharply reduce this problem.

The phrase this problem in the passage refers to

A. Interference with the flight patterns of migrating birds in certain areas

B. Building ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines

C. The killing of birds of prey by wind turbines

D. Meeting the demands of environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy

本题涉及的是一个词组this problem.寻找这一词组的指代对象时只需向上搜索就行。根据就近原则，前一句中的主语the killing of birds of prey by wind turbines可以初步确定为答案。将其代入原文，符合语义和逻辑，因此第三个选项为正确答案。个选项和第三个选项都和this problem相距较远，而且代入时语义和逻辑上不通，因此为干扰选项。

2. 数格一致被指代对象通常与指代词在数(如单数或复数)和格(主格或宾格)两方面相同。如单数代词one指代单数名词，复数代词they指代复数名词。

以上就是小编为大家带来的托福阅读指代题解题思路的实例讲解，希望能帮助大家更好地应对这一题型，并拿到更为理想的阅读成绩。

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