托福阅读需要注意的出题大陷阱！

为了让大家更好的进行复习和备考，应对即将到来的考试月，小编下面跟大家解密一种阅读出题“常跪”陷阱，无中生有的错误选项！

无中生有，这是阅读错误选项编排过程中非常常见的一种惯用手法，主要就是编造一些有道理、能讲通的的选项来迷惑大家。

因为绝大部分的选项之所以不选都是由于选项内容与原文内容矛盾，当有一个选项本身没有什么错误而且还有点道理，这样的选项就会让大家陷入纠结。

我们来共同看一下下面的例题：

Watt's steam engine soon showed what it could do. It liberated industry from dependence on running water. The engine eliminated water in the mines by driving efficient pumps, which made possible deeper and deeper mining. The ready availability of coal inspired William Murdoch during the 1790s to develop the first new form of nighttime illumination to be discovered in a millennium and a half. Coal gas rivaled smoky oil lamps and flickering candles, and early in the new century, well-to-do Londoners grew accustomed to gas lit houses and even streets. Iron manufacturers, which had starved for fuel while depending on charcoal, also benefited from ever-increasing supplies of coal: blast furnaces with steam-powered bellows turned out more iron and steel for the new machinery. Steam became the motive force of the Industrial Revolution as coal and iron ore were the raw materials.

In this paragraph， the author mentions William Murdoch's invention of a new form of nighttime illumination in order to

●indicate one of the important developments made possible by the introduction of Watt's steam engine

●make the point that Watt's steam engine was not the only invention of importance to the Industrial Revolution

●illustrate how important coal was as a raw material for the Industrial Revolution

●provide an example of another eighteenth-century invention that used steam as a power source

上面的这道题目属于阅读必考题型修辞目的题，主要的做题流程是找到例子William Murdoch's invention和论点句Watt's steam engine soon showed what it could do之间的关联。

两句话之间，还贯穿解释内容，如瓦特蒸汽机的出现能够让挖煤工作进展顺，更多的煤就激发了William Murdoch去发明了一种新型的夜间照明系统。

所以，这个题目的答案应该是A选项。通过William Murdoch's invention来侧面指出瓦特的蒸汽机的发明促进了其他行业的发展，如上是正确的思考思路。

但是，我们可以再关注一下选项B：指出观点瓦特的蒸汽机不是唯yi重要的发明与C：解释煤是多重要的原始材料对于工业革命的发展这两个选项。

从道理上来讲，B,C两个选项都存在着它们各自的正确的可能和合理的角度，但是我们不能选，就是因为文章中作者并不是想要突出如上两个内容，所以这两个选项就是有点道理，但不选的选项。

把上面的一道题目仔细品味以后，大家就能对无中生有做出明确的体会了。

这个“常跪”陷阱是考试中超高频导致扣分的陷阱，希望下一次大家再分析选项的时候，能够从容拿捏他的特定角度合理性，再排除选项的时候，能够看透它并非作者文章意图的错误编排。

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