托福写作考试焦点词汇

托福写作考试中社会上最关注的话题包括教育类、环保类、社会热点、经济文化和科技发展五大类，这五大类也是考试中经常会考到的，同学们必须对相关的知识和词汇掌握。

1. 教育话题类

the craze for graduate school 考研热

surf the internet 网上冲浪

cyberspace 网络空间

inter-disciplinary talent 复合型人才

assignment of graduates 毕业生分配

net friend 网友

examination-oriented education 应试教育

teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教

quality-oriented education 素质教育

compulsory education 义务教育

internet bar 网吧

adult (continuing) education 成人教育

distance education 远程教育

resident student 寄宿生

extracurricular activities 课外活动

self-taught examination 自学考试

become well-educated through self-study 自学成才

to reduce study load 学生减负

web-addiction 沉湎于上网

2. 环保话题类

white pollute 白色污染

sustainable development 可持续发展

ecosystem 生态系统

environmental pollution 环境污染

over-fishing (overgrazing) 过度捕捞 (过度放牧)

sand storm 沙尘暴

resource exhaustion 资源枯竭

water and soil conservation 水土保持

soil erosion 土壤流失

clear-cutting (deforestation) 滥砍滥伐

desertification 沙漠化

conserve natural resources 保护自然资源

shortage of fresh water 淡水短缺

disruption of ecological balance 生态失衡

natural preservation zone 自然保护区

3. 社会热点类

Project Hope 希望工程

information revolution 信息革命

jerry-built projects 豆腐渣工程

clone technology 克隆技术

migrate laborer 民工

crack down on counterfeit goods / fake products 打假

devalue 贬值

expand domestic demand 扩大内需

state-owned enterprise 国有企业

deflation 通货紧缩

inflation通货膨胀

rechargeable card 冲值卡

Smooth Traffic Project 畅通工程

anti-fake label 防伪标志

poverty alleviation 扶贫

consumers’ association消费者协会

green food绿色食品

money worship 拜金主意

Olympic committee 奥委会

host city 举办城市

bid for Olympic 申办奥运会

4. 经济文化类

regional protectionism 地方保护主义

tax evasion 偷税漏税

purchasing power 购买力

personal income tax 个人所得税

risk investment 风险投资

after sale service 售后服务

stock exchange 股票交易

booming/thriving/prosperity繁荣

decline / recession / depression 萎缩/衰退/萧条

5. 科技发展类

broadband networks 宽带网

multimedia 多媒体

on-line shopping 网上购物

get / surf on-line 上网

test-tube baby 试管婴儿

Orbital Station 空间站

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