雅思写作逻辑训练之从句分类

我们都知道从句不能单独成句，都是由一些关联词引导，根据从句语法功能的不同又分为许多种。一些高分的雅思作文中，我们都会发现里面运用了许多的从句。下边给大家主要介绍下状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句三类。

状语从句

状语从句 (Adverbial Clause) 是指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。状语从句中的从句可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子，从句充当状语的功能。

原因状语：because, since, as

时间状语：when, after, before

让步状语：although, even if, even though

条件状语：if, when, once, as long as

连词+从句

While 的两种用法：

1 对比

While the birth rate rose, the death rate dropped.

2 表示同时进行的两个事情

While I was out for a business trip, they finished this project.

名词性从句

名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组， 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

种：以“that”引导的名词性从句必定有个独立的句子

The population is growing older. (人口增加变老)

I believe that the population is growing older. (宾语从句)

the population is growing older. (主语从句) It is believed that

that the population is growing older. (表语从句) The fact is

that the population is growing older. The demand for health care is increasing, due to the fact

(同位语从句)

第二种：以“wh”引导的名词性从句(what, why, how, when, where 等)

定语从句

定语从句是从句充当定语的功能，类似于形容词。因此很多人叫定语从句叫形容词从句。

种：以关系代词 who, that, whom, which 引导

第二种：以关系副词 why, where, when 引导

常见错误1：where, why和 when引导的定语从句，句子必须是完整独立的句子。

There are many foreign universities where provide good courses for international

students.

错误的原因：where引导的定语从句后面缺主语。

正确的句子：There are many foreign universities which provide good courses for

international students.

常见错误2：定语从句修饰的名词如果是人，用 who或者 that，如果是物体，用

which或者that引导

People which break laws will go to prison.

错误的原因：定语从句先行词是人的时候，不可以用 which，要用 who

正确的句子：People who break laws will go to prison.

常见错误3：定语从句的谓语要完整(譬如说被动语态要出现 be 动词)

There was an increase in the percentage of people who employed by large

companies.

错误的原因：People who were employed 定语从句的谓语动词不完整

正确的句子：There was an increase in the percentage of people who were

employed by large companies.

常见错误3：定语从句的先行词放在从句可以还原成完整的句子。

By taking on part-time jobs, universities students can learn skills which cannot

get at university.

错误的原因：先行词“skills”充当从句“get”的宾语，那么从句缺乏一个主语。

正确的句子：By taking on part-time jobs, universities students can learn skills

which they cannot get at university.

常见错误4：非限制性定语从句，如果修饰的是名词，那么和这个名词保持主谓一

致

例子：Innovations play an important role in many industries, such as

music, which holds the key to social progress.

错误的原因：定语从句修饰的名词是 Industries， 是个复数

正确的句子：Innovations play an important role in many industries, such

as music, which hold the key to social progress.

常见错误5：非限制性定语从句，如果是修饰一个句子，从句的谓语永远用单数，

改 affects

例子：Buying luxuries can cost a lot of money, which affect their living standards.

错误的原因：定语从句修饰的是前面整个句子，因此应该动词用单数

正确的句子：Buying luxuries can cost a lot of money, which affects their living

standards.