雅思写作中“小毛病，大隐患" 之“逗号”滥用

逗号在雅思写作中起着至关重要的作用，不仅仅用来断句，有时候还用来区分上下句之间的关系。在改作文往往会看到逗号滥用的情况，如以下例子：（例子来源于学生作文）

1. Human will be in danger, if fossil fuels use up.

2. When children go to school they will study and live in an environment where they are encouraged by teachers and accompanied by peers.

3. Some people think the Internet only has positive impacts, other people believe it also has negative influences on our lives.

4. Alternative sources are encouraged to use instead of fossil fuels, which cannot be renewable and may damage environment.

以上错误如果没有一双“火眼金睛”以及扎实的语言功底，还真发现不了其“隐患”之处。若类似问题在一篇文章中频繁出现，不仅考官看到大作时会“一脸懵逼”，你看到分数时也会直呼“我太难”了。那么问题出现在什么地方，我们不妨看下每个句子中的逗号。通过观察我们得出以下结论：

a．句与第二句为状语从句，分别为条件状语从句与时间状语从句。在状语从句中，若主句在前，从句在后，主句后是不该加逗号的；若从句在前，主句在后，从句后应该加逗号，所以这两句话应改为：

1. Human will be in danger if fossil fuels use up.

2. When children go to school， they will study and live in an environment where they are encouraged by teachers and accompanied by peers.

b. 第三句话，用逗号来连接两个句子时，中间需要加上连接词，所以此句应该改为：

Some people think the Internet only has positive impacts, while other people believe it also has negative influences on our lives.（其中一种改法）

c. 第4句话，通过对句子意思分析得知，此句中只能把“which…”做为限定性定语从句修饰“fossil fuels”，这句话的意思才能说得通，所以应该去掉逗号。否则整个句子的意思就完全发生了变化，因为非限定性定从是对上文内容进行补充说明，显然此处用非限定从，意思上是说不通的，所以应改为：

Alternative sources are encouraged to use instead of fossil fuels which cannot be renewable and may damage environment.

逗号虽然“体态”微小，但在文章中发挥的作用却很大。写作文时，逗号滥用小则断句不清，大则改变句意，引起歧义。所以对待逗号，应慎之又慎。

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