雅思听力之利用否定考点排除干扰选项

雅思听力选择题一直是很多考生觉得不容易得分的题型，甚至看到连续的选择，特别是长选出现的时候就望而却步。虽然听到了一些相关内容，但是不能在一瞬间有正确的反应，有时候纠结耽误下一题，有时候因为没有完全听懂，等到音频结束了也就全部都忘记。

其实选择题的技巧很大一部分是和考点有关系的，下面我就来介绍一下其中一个考点“否定”。也就是如果考生能听到碎片信息（大部分替换能捕捉到），但是句子整体含义不能秒反（不知道是选还是排除），也许你能从下面的角度迅速找到答案。

否定考点虽然会出现在任何题型，但是在这我们只用到第四部分的长选来说明，同样适用于其他题型。

首先，我们把能力分为两个方面：审题+听题判断。

大家可以先思考一个问题：不管是审题还是音频中的听题句子，肯定句偏多还是否定句偏多？

我想各位会认为肯定句偏多，所以不管是审题还是听题，否定总是很凸显，我们就可以利用这一点来加快我们的解题速度，提高我们的正确率。

首先来看第 一题：

32.What types of people were included in the research?

A  young people in their first job

B  men who were working

C  women who were unemployed

这道例题对应的音频内容告诉我们下面一个结论：如果选项是肯定信息，对应音频是否定句；或者选项是否定信息，对应音频是肯定句。

那么这样的选项一定错。接下来，我们就从审题和听题两个方面来分析一下到底有哪些否定的类型需要我们掌握。

审题中的否定信息：

Q33 Shona says that in her questionnaire her aim was

A to get a wide range of data.

B to limit people's responses.

C to guide people through interview.

1.有负向含义词（组）：limit, deny,avoid,hardly,apart from,rather than ...

Q34 What do Shona's initial results show about medical services in Britain?

A Current concerns are misrepresented by the press.

B Financial issues are critical to the government.

C Reforms within hospitals have been unsuccessful.

2.有否定前缀的词：mis, il, un, dis...

Q36 Shona has learned from the research project that

A it is important to plan projects carefully.

B people do not like answering questions.

C colleagues do not always agree.

3.直观的否定词：no, not

听题中的否定句：

Q33 Shona says that in her questionnaire her aim was

A to get a wide range of data.

B to limit people's responses.

C to guide people through interview.

1.有负向含义词：

With the questionnaire, rather than limiting it to one specific point...

Q34 What do Shona's initial results show about medical services in Britain?

A Current concerns are misrepresented by the press.

B Financial issues are critical to the government.

C Reforms within hospitals have been unsuccessful.

2.逻辑转折词：

despite the fact that newspaper continually report that people are unhappy withmedical care, in fact it is mainly the third level of care...

Q36 Shona has learned from the research project that

A it is important to plan projects carefully.

B people do not like answering questions.

C colleagues do not always agree.

3.虚拟语气表相反意思：

I had expected some unwillingness to answer questions honestly.

我们首先要了解否定的类型，审题相对较简单直观。另外一方面我们要在听题中去捕捉否定，只有两者结合在一起，再利用之前的结论就能很快的判断是非。