TPO材料在托福独立写作中的运用

托福写作通常在学生备考时间的占比很大，如何高效准备成了大家关心的话题。虽然举例是快速拓展段落和增加字数的方法，但是选择合适的例子往往是学生比较头疼的问题。其实TPO本身很多素材可以直接套用， 尤其是听力部分，包含大量易记的实例、研究、观点，表述严谨，用词地道，同学们稍加背诵就可以高效利用在独立写作中，让写作上一个Level。

01

2020年8月22日线下真题：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? To be successful, businesses must put a lot of money into advertising.

这是近期家考一道高频传媒类写作题，在分论点中需要强调投资广告的必要性。TPO19的综合写作听力就能很好套用在本题。其中提到广告是有误导性的，观众不会相信广告的内容：“With buzzing what you hear is just paid advertising, which may well give a person incorrect information about the buzzed product.” 显然，这一点能直接解释商家为什么不应该花钱在广告上，可用。

听力中还提到消费者对于buzz advertising（口头营销）会降低自己的判断力和对广告内容分析能力，进而相信产品的好处而购买产品：“Consumers listen to their endorsements less critically and they may accept claims they would otherwise be suspicious of. ” 这一点可以用于让步段。

 02

2019年5月26号真题

Some students prefer to choose smaller classes with fewer students (professors can know each student's name), while others prefer to take bigger classes with lots of students. Which do you prefer and why?

这是近期一道教育类真题，问小班好还是大班好。可以直接套用TPO5Conversation1内容。学生抱怨大课没有互动，上课举手回答问题被教授忽视，感觉很失落因为毕竟自己花了大精力做了预习：“It is so impersonal...for example, in sociology class yesterday, the professor asked a question, so I raised my hands...and I kept my hands up because I did the reading and I knew the answer but the professor just answered his own question and continued with the lecture...Well in a big room, it is possible he did not notice you.”观点和例子都完整给出，不需要调整直接套用。

 03

2019年5月19号真题

Do agree or disagree with the following statement? Schools should require young children(aged 5-11) to study together in small groups instead of studying alone.

这道题问的是孩子是否要进行小组学习。可以套用TPO4Conversation2的观点和例子。学生提到小组作业中的常见问题：组员没有为团体做贡献的情况下还想得到好处，他们没有完成分工却妄想拿到A，导致她压力非常大，心理也很不平衡：“People seek to get the benefits of being in the group without contributing to the work...They are sitting back, not really doing their fair share of the work, and waiting for an A. It is kinda stressing me out because we are getting close to the deadline and I feel like I am doing everything for this project...”可以用在本题说明 studying together in small groups会造成部分学生变成free rider坐等收成的问题。此外，这篇Conversation还提到会有少数强势的学生为组员做决定而使得其他组员失去发言机会，可以顺手用在本题让步段。

 04

2018年5月6号真题

Some people think that some lessons for young children(age 4-8) which include video games can serve as effective and interesting ways of learning, while others think that these lessons are quite distracting and can be seen as a waste of time. What is your opinion and why?

本题可以套用TPO25讲座4内容，讲座中提到Play的Flexibility理论，人类可以通过玩耍来促进大脑变得灵活，促进大脑内部连接，产生新的身体语言词汇，进而能够解决遇到的各类问题：“Play can literally stimulates growth, creates connections within the brain...Plays results in an animal doing something it would not normally do. That can lead to the animal learning to adapt, to come up with new behaviors that can help it cope with major problems later on.”

 05

2012年8月25号真题

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? To achieve successful development of a country，a government should spend more money on young children’s education(5-10) rather than on universities.

这是道涉及政府和教育话题的题目。解题时要注意因果关系，重点在投资小孩教育能带来国家成功还是大学能带来国家成功。可以套用TPO13Conversation1的理论，小孩子的语言能力和想象力处于发展的关键阶段：“In the Preoperational Stage, her language use would be maturing, and her memory and imagination would be developed.”我们可以稍加调整变为论证段：既然小孩的学习阶段具有奠定基础的意义，那么政府投资小孩教育能起到起到事半功倍的效果；此外，听力提到孩子会在此阶段呈现出自我中心的想法：“In addition, her thinking would be primarily egocentric. So she would be thinking mostly about herself and her own needs and might not see things from anyone else’s perspective.” 那我们只要加一句就有了第二个论证段：在孩童教育加大力度能引导孩子正确的价值观避免自我中心，这样对全社会是有好处的。

总之，托福听力中还有许许多多可以直接套用在独立写作的观点和素材，我会在听力的课堂中进行总结，写作课中带大家实操，同学们也可以尝试自己找一找哦~

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